shells是什么意思英语翻译（UnderstandingShellsWhatareThey）

作者： jk2023-08-16 16:52:18

UnderstandingShells:WhatareThey?

Incomputing,ashellisauserinterfaceforaccessinganoperatingsystem'sservices.Itactsasacommand-lineinterpreterwhereuserscanentercommandsthatthecomputerwillexecute.Shellscanalsoprovideagraphicalinterfacewhereuserscaninteractwiththecomputerusingiconsandmenus.Theterm\"shell\"originallyreferredtotheouterlayerofanegg,whichservesasaprotectivelayerfortheyolkandwhiteinside.Similarly,ashellincomputingactsasaprotectivelayerbetweentheuserandtheoperatingsystem.

TheHistoryofShells

Theconceptofashelldatesbacktotheearlydaysofcomputingwhenoperatingsystemswerefirstbeingdeveloped.Inthosedays,theonlywaytointeractwithacomputerwasthroughacommand-lineinterfacewhereusershadtotypeincommandsmanually.Thiswasatediousandtime-consumingprocess,whichledtothecreationofthefirstshellcalledtheThompsonshell.ItwasdevelopedbyKenThompsonatBellLabsintheearly1970sandwasthefirst-evershelltobeusedonacomputer.Sincethen,manyshellshavebeendeveloped,eachwithitsownuniquefeatures.

TheDifferentTypesofShells

Therearetwomaintypesofshellsincomputing:thecommand-lineshellandthegraphicalshell.Thecommand-lineshellistext-basedandusesacommand-lineinterfacetointeractwiththecomputer.Usershavetotypeincommandsmanuallytoexecutetasks.Someexamplesofcommand-lineshellsincludetheBashshellonLinuxandtheCommandPromptonWindows.Thegraphicalshell,ontheotherhand,usesagraphicaluserinterface(GUI)tointeractwiththecomputer.Userscanuseiconsandmenustoexecutetasks.ExamplesofgraphicalshellsincludetheWindowsExplorerandthemacOSFinder.

Therearealsodifferentvariationsofshellswithinthetwomaintypes.Forexample,theBashshellhasmanydifferentversionssuchastheBourne-AgainSHell(BASH),Kornshell(ksh),andtheZshell(zsh).Eachoftheseshellsoffersdifferentfeaturesandfunctionsthatcatertodifferentuserneeds.

Conclusion

Shellsplayasignificantroleincomputing.Theyserveasauserinterfaceforaccessingoperatingsystemservicesandexecutingtasks.Whetheryoupreferacommand-lineorgraphicalshell,thereareplentyofoptionsavailabletosuitdifferentuserpreferences.Understandingshellsandhowtheyworkisessentialforanyonewhowantstodelvedeeperintotheworldofcomputing.

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